Haosa aphatna le aphatlouna - LD May 2012

Eimite hi tuonlaiya pat haosa vaihomna nuoiya khocheng i-na hiuvin, thinglhang gam’a mun phalai zouse i-gam’u anahiye. Manipur context a seiding in Nagate sang in eimite’n gam lienjo le phajo i-toupha uvin ahi. Thinglhang gam’a hin masang’a leng khanglai anahi henlang tulai democracy a kivaihomna hizong leh, haosaho phatsahna lou’a thil kibawl aumpoi.
Ahinla gam phatah le lientah i-toupha vang uvin tuni hin akivet leh thinglhang miho lah’a zong avaichapen, alhasampen le minungdel in aki umzing in, hiche hi ipijieh hintem ti’a lunggil tah’a gellou akhoh lhehtai.
Khosung le gamsung, haosa’a kivaihomna hi aphatna le asietna themcha veu hite:

aphatlouna
1. Gam leisiet hi aboncha haosa khut’a um ahi’n, tunigeiyin akikhelna aum hihlaiye. Gam leisiet neichu haosapa ahijieh in, agam leisiet chu achengkhom mipite’n kilolzonna le hinna’n nei zongle’u, gam leisiet chung’a hin mipite thuneina imacha aumpoi.
Thilkhat chu anei dihtah i-hilou leh ngaikhohna lhasam tei ahi. Nagaho toh i-kidou lai uvin gam huhna’n thisan phalngam in pan i-la pouve. Hichun avetsah chu ‘Keiya bon hilou’ tina lunggel umjieh hitei ding in ginchad aum in ahi. Hijieh chun gam phalai zouse chu huhding donlou in i-hin jamsan gam tauvin, Nagate achang tauve.
2. Gampu hina hedna’n Pu-le-Pa khanglaiya pat chun haosaho’n chaangseo le samal anane uvin ahi. Chaang le miim titahlou in agamsung’a sa umho akitha/akikab zong leh samal ana kipe’n, hichun avetsah chu gam leisiet le asung’a um zouse hi mipi’a hilou, haosapa ama changtum’a ahidan hedchetna ahi.
Mipite’n gam leisiet hi kivahna le hinna’n anei nauvin, ahivang in manbei ahipoi. Haosapu’n avahsa zong hilou, mi’n choltah’a aga del’a ahin puoh chung’a atui laitah akilah chu thil kilawm hinantem?
3. Hinna/kivahna ding loumun jieng zong mipite’n amaho deina lai-lai kivad theilou, gam neipa’n apiehna mun bou avadthei ahi’n, mipite hin chamlhat tah’a hinkhuo amanna’u aum puon ahi.
4. Gam leisiet haosapu’a ahibang in, tulai khang in khantou-machalna (development) ahung ludta’n ahileh government schemes, mipite ding’a kiguong zouse hi haosaho’n koima chansah talou in contract dan in akilah tauve. Hiti chun mipite le haosaho kikah’ah kihed thiemlouna ahung lien zep-zepta’n, haosa tamtah in atonggim’a pan tahlou ding, thachol lou hiel’a government scheme a nuomtah’a kivahna ding lunggel ahung pung cheh-cheh ta’n ahi.
5. Khosung’a thil bawlthei, kivei thiem ahilou leh inncheng dom ahung kisebdoh leh haosapu’n vetnuomlou’a aning suh-suh jieh’a kichaolo tamtah aumtai. Hitobang’a thangthibna lunggel jieh hin khosung’ah abawlthei domho acheng thei pouvin, vaichadna’n i-khosung’u akhuta’n ahi.
6. Khosung miho hin haosapu a lunglhaisah laise uva bou agamsung’a chengthei ding ahijieh uvin koima’n kihuoltah in phailei, pucca building, thingphung (jonglha, haai, champra, kolchu le adg. kivahna thei) chule farm kitiho ngaikhohna aneipuon ahi. Kumsod’a ding lunggel neiya i-chenthei lou jieh uvin khonung’a nopsahna ding le kivahna ding beihiel in kinepna ding i-nei pouvin, i-tehthi chan uva chule i-chate’u le i-tute’u in zong kumkhat neh ding zong kimuna hilou thinglhang lou ahin bawl zom zing ding uvin aumdohta’n ahi.
Haosa atamjo hi dictator ahiuvin, mipiho hi khokhat’a kum ijad chengdi’u ham, koima aseithei umlou ahijieh in atohgim gaa midang in akilo sang’a ahcha bang’a neh kiholthu ding lunggel hung umdohji ahitai.
aphatna
1. Manipur hi 1891 kum’a pat chun Britishte vaihomna nuoi’ah ana um in, Manipur kivaihomna chu Thinglhang le Phaicham in akikhen uvin ahi. Manipur lengpa chu amin mai-mai in vaihomna lubuh (nominal head) in apansah uvin, thinglhang gam’a vang ahung thunei zou pouvin, khotin in haosa aneiyin, haosa vaihomna nuoi’ah ana umzing in ahi. Britishte’n Forced Labour ding’a mi chopkhom ding ahin guon’u chun gamsung lamkai (haosa) ho’n mipi huhna’n ana nang uvin, Kuki Rebellion, 1917-1919 ana suohdoh in ahi.
2. Manipur Land Revenue and Land Reforms Act, 1960 dungjui in thinglhangmi khat in athinglhangmi chanpi mama kom’a bou agam apieh thei ding, thinglhangmi hilou kom’a apieh theilou ding in daan ana um in ahi.
Thinglhang gam zouse hi haosaho min’a um ahi’n, aneitum umlou anahi leh meilheite’n MLR & LR Act repeal bawl ding ati’u hi bailamtah’a ana bawldohdi’u ahitai. Thuneina nuoiya umding, lou neocha cha bawl dingho’n zong gam vaipo Deputy Commissioner kom’a phalna alah’u hung ngai ding, DC in District Council ho phalna alahson kit hung ngai nalai ding ahi. Hiche kahlah’a chu lou bawl phad zouse hung kikhel man ding ahitai. Chule meilheite’n gamsung hoilai zouse kichohdoh uvin tin, suhna ding helou’a thinglhang kochong, koima deilouna mun mun’a i-kinotdi’u ahitai.
3. Britishte’n Manipur adalhah kuon uvin haosaho akoukhom uvin, “Ipi nadeipen uvem?” ti’a anadoh’u leh “Puonsandup, thihnaang chule chemjam” pou ana thum uvin ahi. Ahinla Britishte chun amanghaam dan in agel uvin, ‘a ihmu nalai ahiuve, ahung khahdoh tieng’u leh ahin deidi’u thilkhat bawl pieh angaiye’ ti ana heuvin ahi. Hijieh chun thinglhang gam zouse chu muol-le-lhang in ana homkhen uvin, koimacha’n achulhah theilou ding uvin haosaho chu ‘patta’ ana peuvin ahi. Chutilou hileh meilheite toh gam kichu’a sodlaipeh’a chu i-na kidoudi’u ahitai.
4. Haosaho’n thutanna hihen lang, guolnop chule khosung kivaipuohna hizong leh Pu-le-Pa chondan (customary law) dungjui in ahin bawlzom peh uvin ahi. Chutilou hileh mitin eima nop dan-dan in kichon intin, i-identity uhi suhmil’a ana umding ahitai.
thuchaina
Gam leisiet manchah ding dan keima lunggel phabep kahin seinuom in, mipite’n agelkhom’a pha asahho’u chiepie’a alhinglel aum leh belap’a chule adihlou aum leh lahdoh thei ding in anuoiya hin kahin pe’n ahi:
1. Tulai hin haosaho’n suoh le sal anei tapouvin, chaangseo kitihi umda taleh phante.
2. Mi zouse’n meithal amachang’a anei chieh ahita’n, ‘patta meipum’ kiti haosa’a atum aum tahlou jieh in samal neh zong umda tahen.
3. Pathien in leisiet hi mihiemho kivahna ding’a ei siempieh’u ahi’n, haosa seh-seh ding’a kisiem ahi diehpoi. Hijieh chun gam leisiet’a se-le-kai (tax) dang-dang zong haosapu’n akho mite kom’ah nehda tahen.
4. Innmun le huon, mikhat innchenna bulhing, ‘plot system’ in adung avai haosapa le khosung mipite kinoptuona dungjuiyin haosapa’n amanbeiyin pehen. Hiche innmun apiehdohna mun’a chu achen laise’n haosapu’n thuneina neida hen. Ijemti’a achengpa’n zong kichaodohna anei leh kijuoh thei puonte. Pucca/semi-pucca ho kijuoh henlang, leisiet vang suhkhah dahen.
5. Phailei hi haosapa’n aman beiya ana pieh aum zong leh aphad dungjuiyin compensation tobang in mipite’n haosa kom’ah kinoptuona dungjuiyin kilhat thieng henlang, phailei zouse hi ama-ama thuneina nuoi’ah umhen. Ajuoh nuom zong leh haosa le semang-pachongho hedsah henlang, khosung’a cheng khat mama’n kichoh leh aphai. Ahilou leh khosung’a ahung chenglud thei ding aum leh amaho ding in zong kiphal pieh henlang, gampam’a midang kom’ah juoh dahen.
6. Tukal leh mipite zong achaothei kahinai ti’n phad zouse’n kihuollelna neipum in chen dahen. Haosaho’n zong gam leisiet ‘keima thuneina’ ahinai ti’n suongpi bang in kigelda taleu phante.
7. Gam pumpi thaneina hi haosa khut’ah umzing henlang, ‘Farm’ le ‘Huon’ vang mipite amaho thuneina in kikoipieh hen. Pu-le-pa khang’a pat haosaho’n gou tobang’a ahin chin’u gam leisiet hi tulai aphad toh tuoh’a mipite’n zong chan (share) anei tamzep uva, hinna le kivahna mai-mai hilou’a haona le middohna’a aneitheina ding uva haosaho’n zong lunggel aneidi’u phad ahitai.
8. Khantou-machal dungjuiya government le agency dang-dang’a pat scheme jadchuom chuom tohdohna ding’a gam leisiet ngaichad ahitieng leh haosa’n (gam neipa’n) agamsung id dahen. Ngaichad ahina, scheme dungjuiya leisiet (gam) manbeiya pieh chieh ding aphai. Chule sum-le-pai muna ding le innchendoh theina ding tohguon ahijieh in, mipite’n zong gampu ahina dol in agam gaasuoh dungjuiyin achan ding’a lawm peuhen.
9. Khosung’a Hou-inn, community hall, school, playground mun ding le adang dang mipi ngaichad zouse ninglhingsel in kipe chieh hen.
10. Tulaiya khuochenna zouse khantou-machal dungjuiya damtheina ding’a chule gaal-le-tuol dinmun vet’a kivenna thei ding lunggel neipum’a leisiet umdan le khochen dan siemtuoh ding phante. Planning beihiel’a innsah/khochen bawllou ding ahi.
11. Gamsung le khosung susethei ding aum leh haosa, semang-pachong chule mipite kithuokhom’a dou chieh ding ahi. Thu-le-laa nuom henlang hahsa zong leh haosapu ding’a kichen pieh dan’a lunggel kineiho paimang ding, i-chenna mun-mun eima gam ahi ti’a gel chieh ding ahi. Mipite’n haosapu ding’a khocheng dan’a akigel laise’a haosa’n gam leisiet hom henlang, ipi bawl zong leh phachuom diehlou ding ahi.
12. Tulai i-khochen dan’u hi akivet leh nuijad le jachad umtah ahiye. Aki man-man in khuo i-sad uvin, inn 2 pou, inn 10 pou in i-cheng uvin ahi. Inn 50 a kipat chunglam chenna theilou gam/khuo nei zouse’n surrender bawl phad ahitai.
13. Ajona pen in haosa zouse’n tulai aphad toh kituoh’a kivaipuohna sung’a pu-le-pa chondan i-zuina ban uva kum 100 masang’a pu-le-pate thaneinaho hi 50% i-lhakaang uva, mipi thaneina (democracy) i-piehbe di’u dei aum’e. Achutilou leh haosa le mipite kah’a kihed thiemlouna hung sang cheh-cheh ding dinmun in aumtai.
Mipite’n zong mipi thanei’a kivaipuohna khang ahitai ti’a haosaho hi mipi tobang’a umsah ding akiti leh dih dieh puonte. Haosaho hung kumsuh zep ding, mipite khansang zep ding, 50/50 mun’a kivaihomna aum ding phante.
Source: Chennagam Oct. 2002
Alun Haolai