EVM TAHSAN THEI HINAM? LD May 2012

Democracy iti tieng leh mipi thaneina iti leh achomkim lam in adihpen tobang in akilangdoh pai jieng theiye. Hinla ima zouse’a mipi’n tha anei leh aphatna sang’a asietna tamjo kit ding ahiye. Hiche jieh’a chu mipi’n amaho thakhel’a thusei ding le natong ding’a lamkai aki lhendohji’u ahiye. Mipi’n ama deibangtah’a vote alhah theilouna gamsung’a chun ‘democracy’ aum’e kiti thei puonte. Mipi’n ama deibangtah’a vote alhah theina chu athaneina ahipen maiye. India zong ‘democracy country’ ahitoh kilhon in gamsung’a mipi thakhel’a lamkai ding lhenna kum 5 dan sieh leh ana umji’n ahi. Mun zouse’ah aphad kibang khel hihzong leh kum 5 dan’a ama ama gam’a lamkai kilhenna ana umji ahiye. Hiche kilhenna chu sabte’n ‘election’ atiuve. Election umdol chu aguolzou pen phuondoh ahina chu ahipuon, aguollelho’n kalel mong-mong ahinai ti atahsan theidi’u leh apomtheina’u chun election hina aphuondoh joh ding ahijoi. Kitedna ahi’n, khat chu had’a had chu hadlou ding mong ahiye. Ahadpa chun ama bawltheina mong mong’a guol ajo ahi tichu ahadlou joh in apomthei angaiye. Zou-le-naal’a abawl jieh uva kalel ahi atithei’u leh election hina chu bulhung ngei-ngeilou ding ahiye. Mipi’n alhen ahijieh in ‘mipi’n keisang in ama adeijoi’ tichu ahadlouho’n apomthei’u angaiye. Apomdi’u dol ahijieh’a apom jiengdi’u ahipuon, pom ding’a lawm ahijieh’a apom’u angaijoi.
Chule mipi in zong athaneina ding’a daan ana umsa chu atahsan thei angaiye. Vote alhah chu apieh nu/pa ading’a kipemong ahi ti atahsan chet angaiye. India gamsung kivaipuohna daanbu lien’a Article 19(1)(a) na’a kipe dungjuiya mipi’n athaneina’u apuohdoh’u chu apuohdohna bang uva aum angaiyin ahi. Leisiet khantou toh kilhon in India in zong Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) ahin mangcha panta’n, hiche manchah ahitoh kilhon in mipi’n hoilam’a vote alhah’a, a vote lhah chu alhahna mun’ah ana umna dem ti kilonglou hiel in atahsan ngam mong nadiuvem?
EVM mangcha’a vote lhahna hi achiesa 1982 kum chun assembly election ah India in state phabep’ah apatepna’n ana mangcha masapen uve. Kerela gamsung’a um Parur constituency zong EVM mangcha lah’a khat anahi’e. Polling station 84 umlah’a polling station 50’ah EVM ana mang uvin ahi. 2004 kum’a general election achun India in ballot paper ana sumang in, mun zouse’ah EVM ahin mangcha pantai. Hiche akuon chun assembly election ho’a zong ahin mangcha pan kittai.

Representation of People (RP) Act, 1951 in EVM manding ana phatsahlou jieh in Supreme Court of India in 1984 kum chun India gamsung’a EVM kiman ding ana jahda’e. 1989 kum in RP Act, 1951, Section 61A chu ana thahsiem uvin, constituency khat, ahilou khat sang’a tamjo ballot paper manchah thei ahilouna munho’a EVM manthei ding, adang’a vang phal hidiehlou ding ti’n ana khel lamdang kit uvin ahi. Ahinla RP Act, 1951 toh kikal in India in 2004 le 2009 chun India gamsung pumpi’ah EVM ahin mangcha panta’n ahi. Election Commission of India in EVM manna thei ding munho aphuondoh masat’a, hiche munho’a bou chu EVM manchah thei hiding ti anahiye. Tuchung Manipur a zong chu ECI in ana phuondoh ahikhel nadem ti aki hetapoi. 

India gamsung pumpi’a EVM manchah ahitheina ding’a Central akuon’a Congress in thulhuhna ana siem jieh in hatah in opposition, BJP le anungzui ho’a kuon in demna sangtah ana tuoh uvin ahi. Congress in guoljona achan zing hi EVM hacked bawl ding’a Sonia Gandhi in mi agoi jieh ahi ti’n demna nasatah ana tuoh in ahi. Sonia Gandhi in EVM toh kisaiya minsietna ahin neina chu Bangladesh akuon’a Bangladesh Awami League (BAL) ho’n election a aguoljo theina ding uva Indian hackers, Sonia Gandhi in agoiho toh kihouna anei’u heddoh ahung hi akuon in hatah in ahung minse khata’n ahi. Indian hacker ho’n BAL te’n 88% a guoljona anei theina ding uvin USD 1 billion ana ngeh uvin, hinla BAL in USD 400 million ding in agol uvin, ana noppieh uvin ahi. BAL in Indian hacker ho akihoupi’u hi 2014 election ading ahi’n, agelbang uva achielhah thei’u leh guoljona sangtah ahin mudi’u ahiye. Hinla vangsiet umtah in athu ahung gingdoh khata’n, deibang’a achielhah thei ding vang tahsan aum tapoi.  

EVM kiman jieh’a election thiengthou tah’a umthei ding kitihi thuzou ahida’n computer scientist ho’n ana phuongdoh uvin ahi. Internet website www.crazyengineers.com te’n Mr. Hari. K Prasad, Managing Director of NetIndia Group Of Companies interview ana neina uva chun Prasad in bailamtah’a EVM hacked kibawl thei ahida’n ana seidoh in ahi. Chule amaho company tahngel in Andhra Pradesh sung’a 2009 election a chu EVM hack ana bawl’u ahida’n zong aseidoh’e. Prasad in EVM bailamtah’a hack bawlthei ahida’n phatah in aseidoh in, ahedbe nuomho’n www.indiaevm.org a zong vetthei hiding ahi. 

EVM akiman leh vote kilhaho zong akilhah louna mun lhung thei ahida’n i-hedthiem theina ding uvin anuoiya hin point 10 ahung kitahlang in, banneicha’n ana ve patep mong mong’u hite:

1. Vannuoi in EVM adei tapoi

India in aman EVM hi Direct Recording Electronic (DRE) voting machine ahiye. Vote akilhah zouse chu ana chintub jieng ahi. Hiche EVM hi vannuoi gam tamtah in ana dei tapouvin ahi. Germany, Netherland, Ireland chule adang dangho’n zong ana mang uvin, hinla aphatlouna aheddoh’u toh kilhon in amang tapouve. US in vang paper back up jaona’n amang nalaiye. 

UK, France, Japan le Singapore ho’n zong ballot paper joh adeilhenjo tauve. India in amanhi paper back up zong umlou, manding’a lomlou beh khat vang chu ahitai. ATM a sum i-lahdoh leh na account apat sum hijad akiladoh in, hijad aum nalaiye ti’a lekhapeh khat hung chomdoh tobang khu aumding doltah ahi’n, hinla aumpoi. 

2. EVM hi daan toh akituoh poi.

Mikhat ading’a ama fundamental right tongkha’a gel ahijieh in EVM India in amahi daan toh akituohpoi ti’n daan thiemho’n asei uve. Ajiehchu mikhat in vote alhah thei ding chu ama thaneina ahi’n, hiche chungchuon’a chun a vote lhah ding dan zong ama thaneina ahikit nalaiye. Ajieh chun Right to Freedom of Expression, Article 19(1)(a) a kisun ahi’n, hiche dungjuiya chu India khuo le tui hina nei khat chun ama deilhenna’a vote alhah theina ding chu akilhen thei ahiye. I-seisa bang uvin EVM hi manding’a zong phal ana hipoi. Hinla Congress government in gamsung pumpi’a manchah thei ding’a ahin guon’u hin RP Act, 1951 atongkha lheh’e.

3. EVM software tahsan thei ahipoi

EVM zouse hi source code beiya chatloh thei aumpuon ahi. India a kimangcha EVM hohi BEL le ECIL teni’n asiem ahi’n, kidangtah in foreign company ni Microchip (USA) le Renesas (Japan) kom’ah hiche software programme chu ana pedoh uvin ahi. EVM a kimangcha micro controller siemdohna ding’a ana piehdoh’u ahi’n, hiche chu BEL le ECIL in zong asiemthei ahi’n, hinla ana pedoh khel-khel uve. Hiche chung chuon’a chun Microchip le Renesas in software code jaona’a micro controller fuse ahin siemdoh zou uva Indian company teni kom’a ahin nung thot’u chu BEL le ECIL in avet vang uvin amaho code chu amudoh thei tapouve. Chule hiche software foreign company teni kom’a ana piehdoh’u chu ECI khut’ah ana pekha pouvin ahi. Hiche jieh chun hatah in BEL le ECIL in zong minsietna ana tuoh lhon in, hichan’a chingthei zoulou company teni ipiti tuni changeiya ding zing lhon ahidem ti’n mitamtah in tod nopna’n anei tauvin ahi. Hedkhiel jieh ahidem, ahilou leh hedthu’a kibawl hintem?

4. EVM hardware tahsan thei ahipoi

EVM a vote kilhah heikoi ahitheina hi software bouseh ahipuon, hardware akuon in zong abawl theiye. University of Michigan a Computer Science professor Dr. Alex Halderman in aseina’ah “West gamho’a EVM kimang hokhu hardware bailamtah’a khelthei ahipoi. Software mangcha lou in koima’n a attack theipoi” ati’n ahi. India a kimangho vang hi a hardware zong bailamtah le manlhomcha’a khel jieng thei jiengseh ahiuve. Micro controller umna motherboard jieng zong khel thei ahiye. EVM i-hin man uva kuon tuni geiyin India gamsung’ah EVM software le hardware kimanchahdan audit khatvei jieng zong akibawl kha hihlaiye. I-hamti’a ana kikhelkha aum tah zong leh heddoh hitalou ding ahitai. Hiche ho heddoh ahitheina ding’a chu asiemdoh company ho’n phatah’a avetlhah uva, amaho’n apiehse’u chu kimangcha hinam ti avet’u ngai ahi’n, hinla hiche chu aum kha hih laiye. Ahung umding zong tahsan aum diehpoi. Bangalore a software firm minthang tah SecureSpin ho jaona in ‘Authentication Unit’ khat sum-le-pai tamtah seng in 2006 kum chun siemdoh in ana um in, ahinla apoimo ding phad tah in Election Commission in ana suhai kit’e. 

5. Hack thei ahiye

Election result deibangtah’a suodoh sah ahitheina dingin polling masang le polling zou in hacking abawl thei in ahi. Mikhat in vote alhah chu EVM sung’a um Control Unit ah EEPROM kiti chini aum in, hiche EEPROM teni chun ana melchihji’n ahi. Pamlam akuon in EEPROM teni chu control thei ana hikit khel khel’e. Chule hack bawl theina lampi adang khat kit chu ahileh, EVM a Control Unit display section achun chip akhel theiyin ahi. Hiche chip chu Dk. 1000 sang’a lhomjo’a bailamtah’a khel jieng thei ahiye. Mobile phone a memory card a laa iki thun tobang ahibou’e. Polling ni’a EVM sung’a um chip chu alahdoh uva, vote akisimsa umna chip chu abullud’u leh hijieng ding ahiye. 

6. Asung’a natongho

Ballot paper ahilai chun bomsung’a lekha umho lahdoh’a sim jieng thei ahi’n, asung’a natong ding zong mi chuti tah tam angaipoi. Hinla EVM technology ahung lud toh kilhon in asung’a natong ding chu mi tamtah angaichata’n, chule amaho chu thepna nei jiengseh ahi’u angai kittai. Kolgam dieh dieh’ah asung’a natongho’n Dk. 5 Crore assembly constituency khat’a ding in athum jiuve akiti. Hiche asung’a natong kitiho hi BEL le ECIL chule foreign company abullam’a i-minphahho’u ahikitji’e. Foreigner ho diehset chun sum amu pou’u leh koi had zong leh khoh asahloudi’u ma ahiye. Agammiho’n bon sum kithum’a chu. 

7. Vote lhah kichai le vote sim kikah

Vote lhah chai ahitieng leh EVM zouse district headquarter ah puohlud ahiji’n, special room ti’n amin ajad jad asiem pieh uvin, hiche sung’a chun EVM koi ahiji’e. Abang in double lock, triple lock tizongle’u koima’n aphadsieh’a aga vetthei ahi tahlou jieh in tahsan umlheh leh akilawm’e. Hinla hiche phad sung’a zong hin boina mi mulou kah in siemthu thei in aumji’n ahi. Officials ho’n guhthim’a hiche phad sung’a hi EVM chip akhel lele thei’u ahiye. 

8. Vote of no confidence

EVM mangcha’a vote kilhah chu anavah lheh jieng’e. Hinla koimacha party in EVM adei pouve. BJP le akai jatamho’n hatah in EVM adem uvin, tahsan umlou ahida’n aphuongdoh zing uvin ahi. State assembly election ho’a zong opposition bench a tou pen pen in EVM ruling ho’n manipulate abawl’u ahi atizing uvin ahi. 2009 Lok Sabha a Congress in guoljona ananei jieng vang in Orissa a chu EVM manipulate kibawl jieh’a Congress hadlou ahi ana tikit thou uve. Mitamtah in Congress in EVM adeilheh dan’a agel vang in adei dieh poi iti thei uve. Ruling ho’n adei uvin, adangho’n adeiji pouve kiti leh bailam pen inte. Ahadlou joh joh in EVM angoh zing ahijieh in EVM chung’ah tahsanna alhom lheh’e. State khat’a party khat in thu anei jieh’a EVM a control leh tha aneilouna state a chu midang in control abawl hipai ding’a aginmo jiengji’u ahi titheiyin aumdoh tai.

9. EC in technology helou

EC in EVM thu akiphah puoh chan leh technology lam’ah sangtah hedna nei aki umpoi atizing uvin ahi. Hiche jieh chun ahe mi aguoi zing’u angaiye. Tu’a ho hihen lang, achiesa’a ho hizong leh technology lam’a hedna nei aumlou jieh uvin committee khat siemdoh ahi’n, hiche chu tuhin Prof. PV Indiresan Chairman hina in aum’e. 

Expert committee siemdoh’a umho zong sit umlheh hile’u akilawm’e. University of Michigan a Computer Science a professor, Alex Halderman in aseina’ah 2006 kum’a New Delhi mun’a Democracy at Risk! Can we trust our EVMs kiti lekhabu thiensuona’a aseina’a chun expert committee ho report pieh chu kave in thu abuoi thei ding aumtai ti kahed jieh’a kahung jieng ahi ti’n aseiye. Hichan chu aseidoh thei tah leh aban seibe lou in zong i-hethei jieng tauve.

10. Tahsanna kivad

EC in EVM toh kisaiya mipi’n Supreme Court a thudoh abawlna ho’u adawnbut thei tapouve. Achuom chuom asei uvin, amaho zong akikal jiuvin ahi. Lok Sabha election Expert committee in EVM athah manding ativang’a alui aman teitei chu ipi jieh ahidem?EVM athah 4.48 lakh sum tamtah seng’a kichoho chu ipi ding’a UPA nuoiya um party ho hadna state ho’a kimanglou ahidem? Ipi atileh state in ama ama EVM akinei thei’u ahidem? Hiche dawnbutna ho tilou adang tamtah zong EC in adawnbut theilou jieh in achung’ah tahsanna avad lheh jieng’e.